The FA have taken action over the way Maguire reacted to his red card on the night.
The defender gave away a penalty for a foul on Evanilson, with the decision made after consultation with VAR.
Maguire was incensed by the decision, confronting both referee Stuart Attwell and the fourth official, Matt Donohue.
A statement from the FA read: "Harry Maguire has been charged after being sent off in the 78th minute of Man Utd's Premier League match against Bournemouth on March 20.
"It's alleged that the defender acted in an improper manner and/or abusive and/or insulting words and/or behaviour towards the fourth official following his dismissal. Harry Maguire has until April 2 to provide a response."
Maguire has been banned for one match - United's clash with Leeds United on April 13. However, the FA charge could bring a longer suspension.