Loris Karius says Real Madrid captain Sergio Ramos hasn't spoken to him since their clash in Liverpool's Champions League final defeat in Kiev.

Medical tests have since concluded Karius, now on-loan with Besiktas, suffered a concussion after clashing with Ramos' elbow during the game.

"No one will know to what extent my mistakes were due to the injury I suffered," Karius told BILD. "It is not a justification, just an explanation.

"I do not know if Sergio Ramos, who has never asked for my forgiveness, did it intentionally. Only he knows, but it is not important to know.

"The tests I underwent showed that I had a visual deficit. Under normal conditions, I cannot explain errors like that."